GLOBAL HAND WASHING DAY OCTOBER 15: "CLEAN HANDS SAVE LIVES"

Today, October 15 is Global Hand Washing Day (GHD) a day set aside by the United Nations in 2008 in Stockholm to initiate Public Private Partnership for Hand Washing (PPPHW). The theme for this year is “Clean Hands Save Lives”.

Hand washing with soap and water is the most effective and inexpensive way to prevent infectious diseases as diarrheal and acute respiratory infections which take lives of children in developing countries and regions of the world. Even in healthcare, hand washing is the most effective prevention of healthcare acquired infection which is very prevalent within the healthcare space.

Hand hygiene as it is also called was discovered in the 19^th century by an Obstetrician called Ignaz Semmelweis while working at the University of Vienna. He discovered that there was a high difference regarding Puerperal fever in women in two different wards. A Puerperal infection otherwise known as puerperal sepsis is a condition that occurs when a new mom experiences an infection related to giving birth. The ward with the highest prevalence of Puerperal fever was the one where medical students and Physicians delivered the women while the other wards, the women were delivered by midwives.

He also saw that medical students and Physicians went directly from performing autopsies to delivering women. He decided to add washing hands with chlorinated lime solution for the medical students and Physicians before going into delivery wards. He saw that the incidence of Puerperal fever decreased significantly from 16% to 3% in the most affected ward. In the wards where the midwives delivered the women it stayed the same 7%. And this became the turning point in the healthcare sector where hand washing became credited as a very key component of infection control. Now you know why we take it so seriously.

As we mark the Global Hand Washing Day today, please remember to tell someone hand washing save lives. Educate someone to wash hands after using the toilets, wash hands before and after food, wash hands before and after touching a sick person, wash hands before and after touching a broken skin. We cannot afford to add to the statistics, let’s just wash hands because it really costs us nothing.

Enjoy the rest of the hand washing day.

ehi@ohsm.com.ng

STRESS: AN IGNORED HEALTH RISK YET PRESENT WITH US

An issue i have been learning about and researching on lately is the issue of stress.

This has become a very key issue in our daily lives leading to cardiovascular diseases, burn outs, suicidal ideation, sleep disorders, obesity and even diabetes type 1 ans 2.

We all know the word stress without necessarily understanding what it truly means. "Stress simply put is your inability or lack of enough resources to deal with the demands the environment is placing on you". So stress is not only a condition of high demand but also a condition of low resources.

An imbalance is created when the demands placed in an organism is not in proportion with the organism's resources to respond. This imbalance situation comes in two folds. You have a situation where demands  are too high in relation to the resources we have, we will experience too active or overactive life. Another situation is when the demand is actually too low in relation to our resources, in this case we will feel so underutilized and feel a huge sense of frustration. This is because we have too much energy, too much aspirations, too many abilities that are not realized because we have no room for that. These two conditions are what puts us in stressful situations.

Stress in a general term is not all bad if :

• You have the resources to deal with it
• If it is just for a short term. It becomes bad when it persists for too long

Stress could either be acute or chronic. As a matter of fact stress is a condition caused by acute or chronic imbalance between demand and resources.

We have two types of stress namely:

• Eustress which is the good stress
• Distress which is the bad stress

One of the highest contributors to non communicable diseases (NCD) globally is stress, everyone is mutually stressed and we most times do nothing about it until it has sparked up many other health conditions.

Business executives are too busy to talk about stress, they do not see stress management as part of their business continuity plan neither do they at all look into the issue of stress within their organisations. Employees are present at work yet not able to deliver on their tasks and optimal production is far fetched. The issue most of these organisations are faced with today has moved from staff absenteeism due to ill health to presenteeism, no psychosocial support, absence of management support to deal with the issue of organisational stress. We must note that organisations do not exist in isolation, it is called organisation because of careful assemblage and harmonization (organisation) of all available resources needed to achieve the goal of the organisation. So if employees are an integral part of that resources and when they get stressed, the organisation will also be stressed. We all pretend to come to work yet deep within us, we are psychologically not present and this tells so much on our productivity yet it goes unnoticed because there are even to structures to measure and compare employees motivation and productivity.

We need to look at the threats in workplaces, we need to measure the health performance of our employees. We need to realign the whole work processes before we all kill our best hands and who are already emotionally stressed. Demand has been much on them and they having given so much that they have nothing to give anymore, they at this point become emotionally stressed psychologically hurt, we need to release them.

I will stop here and ask you top lease  follow me if you do not mind on this blog, i will be treating this issue in details in subsequent weeks linking it with sleep disorder (Insomnia, dyssomnia and apnea), the need to be physically active, the effect of built environment on health and benefits afterwards.

You can contact at ehi@ohsm.com.ng

22ND SEPTEMBER SCHOOLS RESUMPTION DATE: A HUGE PUBLIC HEALTH RISK

The Ebola virus disease which has been a thing of collective concern across West African region in the past few months could be on the brink of taking a whole new dimension if urgent government steps are not taken in the interest of the collective health security within affected States and Countries.

The Federal Ministry of Health report stated that as at 3^rd September 2014, 18 Ebola cases have been confirmed in Nigeria with Lagos having 14 and Port Harcourt 4. This brings Nigeria Ebola Virus Disease statistics to 18 confirmed cases with 7 deaths.  Though a number of quarantine and isolation centres have been set up across many States of Nigeria in preparedness for case management of further possible infected cases.

In WHO's latest situation update on Port Harcourt, the agency warns "the outbreak of Ebola virus disease in Port Harcourt has the potential to grow larger and spread faster than the one in Lagos." There are now 3 confirmed cases in Port Harcourt. The first was a close contact of the first case in Nigeria. This person fled quarantine in Lagos, and was treated in a hotel in Port Harcourt from 1 to 3 August. The treating doctor developed symptoms on 11 August but continued to treat patients, including performing operations, until 13 August. He was hospitalised on 16th, died on 22nd and Ebola was confirmed on 27th. He had many contacts with friends and relatives while infectious, and even during hospitalisation, where WHO says "he was attended by the majority of the hospital’s health care staff". There are over 200 contacts under surveillance, of whom about 60 have had high or very high risk exposure.

This WHO’s recent update when placed in juxtaposition with the Nigerian government recent announcement on reversal of resumption date in Nigerian schools from 13^th October 2014 to 22^nd September 2014, it gives everyone reasons to be concerned on how we intend to control the Ebola Virus Disease when allowed to get into the schools. When the Federal Government of Nigeria earlier with the month of August 2014 announced a shift in the Nigerian schools proposed resumption date from 22^nd September to 13^th October 2014, a number of Public Health experts saw that decision as very timely and widely adjudged as right in absolute. The recent resumption date change of 22^nd September has a huge potential of taking the Ebola Virus Disease infection in Nigeria to a whole new dimension and I personally feel this very decision should be further reviewed by Government in Public Health interest.

I recall the words of a Ugandan I met at Abuja who works with UNAIDS, he told me Uganda has had a number of Ebola Virus Disease outbreaks which has led the country into developing a better capacity to managing successive outbreaks based on lesson learnt in the previous ones. He told me the first thing Government does is to close down all schools and even sometimes the markets, this is just a natural thing to do as a further containment measure to guide against uncontrollable spread.

When we use Port Harcourt as our case study in the context of this presentation, you will realise school resumption could fuel the wild spread of this disease beyond the capacity of the State. Nigeria has done well thus far in the context of how the Government of Lagos State, The Federal Ministry of Health and Centre for Disease Control (CDC)’s combined efforts in ensuring the disease is kept within a controllable limit. We have about 200 contacts recorded in Port Harcourt of whom 60 persons have had high risk exposure as reported by WHO, but we must understand there may be some contacts that escaped unidentified and unreported and these persons live within the society without any form of symptoms because they are still within the widow period of 2 – 21 days and they are not in any way under quarantine of surveillance. These sets of potential Ebola Virus Disease infected escapees may be married with children who may be amongst the children who are bound to resume schools come 22^nd September alongside children from different homes, yet the schools are not trained on what to do when they see a school child that complains of illness with high temperature above 37.2 degree centigrade or shows any symptom of illness. We must understand that once a child has contracted this disease, there is a very high likelihood of the child’s parents and siblings getting infected also.

This list could go on and on but I would rather think instead of this hasty resumption date that has just been announced by Government, we should allow the children remain at home until we are clear on the true position of EVD based on the recent development while we monitor the yielded result of the containment measures already deployed. The new resumption date is rather creating panic and further fear in parents amongst who are many that are reluctant to send their children back to schools.

Let’s even look at the children from homes where parents have visited any of the high risk Ebola Virus Disease prevalent countries, no one has this fact neither is anyone sure of the current health conditions of such parents and even if they have the symptoms of EVD their wards will still come to school where they would miss up with other children from different homes. This is going to be too messy and highly difficult for us all to manage and I think the Government needs to clearly review the resumption decision.

Within last week, I had the opportunity of discussing with a couple of parents and I also share in their fear as expressed. One of the parents who works in the bank told me her daughter is still very tender and due to resume crèche but she is so scared and not sure if she wants to allow the child to resume because of this Ebola scare and recent development. I am sure many parents, including school teachers and school proprietors share in this same fear because everyone is involved in this long chain or cycle of possible infection if this disease is allowed to enter our schools.

I by this appeal once more to the Federal Government of Nigeria and other agencies responsible for this recent school resumption date’s decision to please review the inherent risk and consequences this decision has on the safety and security of the health of Nigerian public and ensure a better decision is arrived at in the interest of collective safety of Nigerians.

Kindly read and leave a comment.

I can be reached at ehi@ohsm.com.ng

  

CHILD SAFETY AT SCHOOL: THE SCHOOL FOOD DILEMMA

I have become most worried of late over the entire issues surrounding the safety of children at school; this has let me into direct involvement in social movement with focus on the safety of the school child.

Most worrisome of late is the trendy act of schools making lunch provisions for school children, in some schools it is compulsory while in others it is elective. What this translates into is that parents have no right anymore to determine what meal their children have for lunch which some parents (mostly career ones) see as a big relief to them. This trend does not take into cognisance that there are some children that are very sensitive to certain meals which their digestive systems are not too comfortable with. One of my children falls into this category, he is very sensitive to beans and each time he eats beans it gives him running stomach continuously. I am not aware if provisions are made for such peculiarities.

My concern is not just on the food only but I also believe schools should be allowed to focus more on the core of their business instead of getting distracted by other add-ons which seemingly create convenience but has a huge health and safety underlying consequences. I think we should allow the schools to focus more on education and if they want to serve lunch or snacks to school children, it should be sub contracted to a third party reputable caterer whose hygiene and food preparation processes are verified and certified safe. If you sub contract feeding of the school children to a caterer, that caterer becomes a food vendor to the school, it is the right of the school to determine the processes and hygiene standard they want the caterer to operate with. The school administration has the right to audit the food preparation site, processes, primary sources of food stuff, the medical status of the catering team and many more. When we do not do this, we create room for the safety and health and our children to be compromised, ideally this should be government responsibility through the Public Health Unit under the Ministry of Health. We also feel this agency has also failed the Nigerian public and in getting things right, the responsibility has fallen on the organisation that contracts the vendor.

If the food handlers have Salmonella typhi, Hepatitis A, Tuberculosis or other form of food borne diseases, the school children stand a risk of contracting such diseases. Under the Food Safety and Security Standards Protocol and even the Public Health Standard, it is expected that before anyone gets involved in the process of handling public food, the individual must undergo a food handlers medical examination to ascertain his/her level of fitness to handle food. It is also important that food samples, cooked and uncooked are also routinely taken for scientific analysis to guaranty a level of safety for consumers. We do not see this happen in most times in our environment. 

Let us quickly take a look at the 16^th July 2013 case of Food Poisoning of School Children in Bihar School in India. In Indian Government’s efforts to make children go to school and also have a decent meal while in school as a result of poverty in India which has led to malnutrition in children, the government made lunch available for every school children in each school day. This policy provides mid-day meal for roughly 120 million students between the ages of 4 – 12 years old across 73,000 schools in India Monday to Friday.

Disaster struck in July 2013 when at least 23 students died and a dozen more fell ill after eating mid-day meal contaminated with pesticide. It was reported that the children who complained about the food were rebuked by the school Head Mistress who has been earlier informed by the Head, Cook that the new cooking oil was discoloured and smelled odd. The cook was not left out of this incident because she was also hospitalised as a result of the poisoning. Children complained of stomach ache 30 minutes after eating the meal, they took ill with vomiting and diarrhoea. The number of sick children overwhelmed the school and some were immediately sent home forcing their parents to seek help on their own. 16 children died on-site, 4 children reported dead on arrival at the hospital while others died at the hospital, a total of 48 children fell ill from contaminated food.

Indications were that the food was contaminated by an organophosphate, a class of chemical commonly found in insecticides. A certain Dr. Amat Kant JHA said the survivors were emitting toxic vapours which led to the suspicion that they have been poisoned by organophosphate. Police forensic report finally claimed the cooking oil contained “very toxic” levels of monocrotophos, an agricultural pesticide. It was later found out that the oil was purchased by the Head Mistress from her Husband’s grocery store. Officials reported that they believed the cooking oil must have been stored in containers formerly used in storing pesticides. 19 of the students’ bodies were buried on a near school ground in protest but these had no means of bringing the children back to life.

I took my time to share this story because a lot can be deduced from this. Yes, it is difficult to keep inspecting the number of cooking sites catering for about 120 million children across 73,000 schools but I feel if it impairs the safety of our children, we will all device a way to work safely around this issue common us all.

It is important also for parents to get involved in the goings-on in their children’s schools; we are most times too busy to get concerned. Every extra money we earn at the expense of our children has a costly effect on the long run; the effect is never instantaneous but cumulative. Decisions on how schools are governed, policies formulated etc. are mostly taken in Parents Teachers Association (PTA) meetings which most parents find extremely difficult to attend.

If the issue of safety and security of the school child must be rightly addressed, it must run on 3 pillars:

·         The Government

·         The School Management

·         The Parents

We need more active involvement in clearly engaging the schools and also making useful contributions in influencing Government’s policies on education, we cannot be disjointed from this when our children are deeply involved. Let’s not add to the number of children that have died in pursuit for education but let’s take a stand and collectively correct the ills in schools to enable our children have a healthy and safe environment for academic excellence.

Our next publication will be on School Bus Safety, we need you to follow up on the sequence and leave a comment after reading.

Reference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bihar_school_meal_poisoning_incident

ehi@ohsm.com.ng 

WORLD DAY FOR SAFETY AND HEALTH AT WORK 2014: HEALTH AND SAFETY USE IN CHEMICALS

Let us ensure we do something in our places of work and homes today, no matter how small. Chemical use has become an integral part of our modern daily lives and we cannot dispute this fact. With the trend of development in divers areas, chemical usage will certainly be on the rise and we obviously may not be able to stop this but it is within out rights to adequately control the effects and levels of exposure. This is called chemical management processes.

Hearing the name "Chemical" your thoughts might be as erroneous as mine was years back thinking after all i do not use chemicals. You might be right but not in absolute.

If we have had cause to clean our toilets, mop our floors, wash our clothes and involved in any way in either domestic or industrial cleaning processes using any of the cleaning agents, we have had dealings with chemicals.

Have you had medications or fumigated your house of late, have you used any form of pesticides or insecticides owing to malaria endemicity within our region, then we have had contact with chemicals. 

“Chemicals are key to healthy living and modern convenience. They range from pesticides that improve the extent and quality of food production, to pharmaceuticals that cure illnesses, and cleaning products that help establish hygienic living conditions. Chemicals are also critical in many industrial processes for developing products important to global standards of living.

However, governments, employers and workers continue to struggle to address controlling exposure to these chemicals in the workplace, as well as limiting emissions to the environment”  International Labour Organisation.

Do you go through the roads where you are exposed to heavy vehicle fumes? That is another form of chemicals. Which ever way you look at it, chemicals have come to live with us and it is our responsibility to know the contents of the chemicals we are exposed to and the inherent health hazards. This will absolutely be the first step in safe guarding our kidneys and lungs which are the two major organs where chemical inhalation really hurts us as human beings.

By virtue of exposure to chemical inhalation in your work processes, you are by right expected to undergo medical evaluation test twice a year to look at the functionality of both your lungs and kidneys and possible damages that have been constituted due to your chemical exposure level. The medical evaluation processes include but not limited to:

 

·         Spirometry test

·         Electrolyte, Urea and Creatinine 

These are very basic and periodic medical evaluation that focus mainly on the state of your lungs and the kidney. Upon completion of the evaluation, if there are spikes or indicators that warrant a further Physician’s review, we will gladly make this referral because early detection gives you a better disease management opportunity and increase our survival chances. 

These are not obviously the only areas where chemicals hurt. What about people who daily work with chemicals as Industrial Chemist, others who apply them daily for general cleaning or blasting corroded pipes and rusty metals, we should also get concerned about these ones. The effects are not only on the internal organs but also on the skin surface and that is why you hear of skin burns, skin tissues and the likes of it. 

Chemicals have high spilling potentials in our workplaces if processes are not well spelt out and managed. Chemical spill could lead to death of a group of people depending on the nature of chemical, quantity spilled, proximity to the chemical and duration of the chemical contact before medical help came their way.

Every chemical available for use, the user must be well informed of the chemical hazardous contents and every form of information that is available as it concerns the chemical. There is always an accompanying document to chemicals called Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) or Safe Handling of Chemical (SHOC) cards, these documents are made available within each chemical type to equip users with all the handling information necessary. We have realised that most people do not even read these documents, they get too familiar with the chemicals as working tools and they handle them without reading the accompanying chemical handling information and people get affected at different degrees.

Having been informed on the chemical inherent danger and handling processes, there is also the need for everyone who will get involved in the application of those chemicals to be fully protected with adequate personal protective equipment (PPE) which is expected to protect the user from the harmful effects of the chemicals. When we say PPE we do not mean any form of PPE, we are referring to requisite and adequate PPEs addressing the specific threats posed by the chemical types. Of late we have noticed in most companies and workplaces, people just go to safety shops to buy anything just because they were told PPE is a work pre-condition and the PPE they end up acquiring has no form of relevance with their risk exposure they intend to address, this is not safety.

Outside the chemical information and provision of PPEs, there is also the need for adequate training of the personnel that will daily use the chemicals. This is a very critical point in the entire chemical handling processes. That you used a similar chemical in another environment or project location does not mean the processes and application methods must remain the same even in the age to come. We must learn to submit ourselves to training and retraining even on the chemicals we feel we are so knowledgeable of, when you introduce any form of new chemicals there must be the need to retrain your people to adapt their skills to the new chemical type. When there is any form of change in the application processes, we must also undergo a retraining to ensure adaptation to the new processes.

What is our level of preparedness to chemical hazards response? There is a concept called Remedial Action Plan (RAP) which is put in place to remedy any form of release of threats or severity when there is a failure in our existing health and safety processes or management system. Example is having informed your employees on the hazardous nature of the chemical in use, you have made provisions for all the necessary PPEs and adequately trained them on the application processes and use of the chemical type and you still experience chemical spills into the eyes. You should also be proactive enough to make provision for eye wash within the workplace; the eye wash can be used to quickly irrigate the eyes to limit the harmful effects of the chemicals before having access to adequate medical attention. These and many more are some of the processes that can limit our chemical hazard exposure within our workplaces and safeguard lives in no little way.

In rounding off on this article i will also point out the prevalence of chemical hazards as a result of storage. We have also been to many workplaces where chemicals are stored in clinical cans and other form of storage materials without adequate labelling and sad to know this is also a huge contributor to domestic hazards. In my days in active clinical services, we have had instances where children were rushed into the hospitals as a result of chemical absorption; they drink kerosene, medical syrups in bottles and other forms of colourless chemicals stored in cans within the reach of children and mostly infants in our homes. 

In some cases, chemicals are stored in cans without proper labelling and anyone could work with some wrong assumption that could lead to a very costly end. Even the temperature under which chemicals are stored should be a key condition to consider in the entire chemical hazard management processes. These requirements are all spelt out in the Material Safety Data Sheet and Safe Handling of Chemical documents and i think we should give these conditions due consideration in our continuous efforts in working with chemicals.

I wish every reader a happy World Health and Safety Day at Work 2014 and we are looking forward to doing something different God willing in 2015. If anyone must die, let it not be as a result of chemical hazard exposure. Stay safe.

You can also checkout what we are doing on facebook in trying to change the world. Kindly follow us on www.facebook.com/changingtheworldnetwork, please like the page and join of on this global movement for social change.  

ehi@ohsm.com.ng

CHILD SAFETY AT SCHOOL: PARENTS ARE GETTING TRAUMATIZED

We are having a new wave of challenge in Nigeria which bothers more on the safety of the school child and the negligence in school management.

It is global desire that every child has access to quality education across regions of the world, we in Nigeria in African region are battling towards ensuring this goal is achieved. There are obvious challenges ranging from the state and standard of education coupled with the cost of education. These are huge enough challenges for parents owing to the failure on the part of government in their inability to provide requisite and enabling infrastructures in schools and measurable regulations of the entire educational system. There are public schools which are generally a far cry of what schools in the real sense should be, there are places where children seat on the floor to learn and even in some regions within the country where children learn under trees or buildings without roofs. I get really worried what kind of education or learning that can be achieved under such conditions.

In trying to find a way out of this total mess in Nigerian education sector, access to quality schools have fallen into the hands of the private sector groups even some of these schools are owned by individuals who destroyed the education sector when they were in government. Parents in their honest desire to give their children quality education have swooped into patronising these private schools where a child access to quality education is sold at an astronomical rate beyond what most parents can even afford. This has placed parents under increased daily pressure and undue stress which has become a huge confounder of the decreasing health expectancy of the Nigerian people.

It has become even more frustrating the government inability to rightly regulate these schools and this failure on the part of government bites the emotions of parents and sometimes leaves most parents with very heavy traumatic experience. The quality and standard in academic delivery is an issue for another day but in the context of this expression we need to look at the issue that bothers on the health and safety of these children while under the care of the schools.

Lately, we have heard of a number of cases where kids who were conveyed to schools by the school bus which their parents are invoiced for,  end up being killed due to the carelessness and recklessness of the school bus drivers. This further leaves the parents with such an enormous pain that nothing can sooth. I cried helplessly at work one afternoon when my wife called me on the phone to tell the school bus that my children ride on has killed a school child under the driver and the minder's care, i literally died at the break of that news. The boy who was about 3 years old, an only son of his parents was crushed by the school right before his two elder sisters who alerted from the same school bus, what a trauma. I was told the boy got down from the bus but his water bottle fell from him and rolled slightly towards the tyre of the bus and the boy went for the water bottle the bus was suddenly reversed and crushed the boy to death right in front of his house. As i write this story, there are still tears in my eyes because i am yet to get over this heart renting picture. I am grateful to God for his mercies everyday, placed in the same condition as this parents i am not sure i will survive but i thank God each time i see the parents of this little boy and the way God has helped them to manage and cope with the situation. There are cases too many to recount.

There was another case where a school bus loaded beyond the capacity of the bus was conveying children to school and it caught fire, some children died while some were rescued. 

·         Are these private schools really approved, registered and regulated by government?

·         Before a school is sited, are there not supposed to be guidelines that must be met?

·         When we see school buses that are in very bad condition conveying children to school, can we really stop the buses and call for government sanctions. If we call, will government duly respond?

·         Who inspects the safety of the school environment?

·         Shouldn't we parents inspect properly and carry out a safety and security search before sending out children and wards for admission into such schools?

·         Who checks the conditions of the children living in boarding houses?

·         What about the issue of food safety?

·         Are there sanctions? If yes, who sanctions and to what extent?

·         Who reviews the quality and lifestyle checks of school owners and the teaches alike?

·         Child assault and violence against children, what do they mean to parents?

·         Do parents measure what they get with what they pay for?

·         Is there an agency responsible to receiving parent's complaints?

Many questions begging for answers.

If the future we hope for must be better than what we currently have, then the need to look inward schools is a strong imperative of everyone including the machinery of government irrespective of political differences. This is the future. 

Parents pay so much and for these services and hurting them having collected their hard earned money is a disservice and a criminal act. A story of another family who sent their 3 months old son to a creche, they have such a heart touching story to share on how their son was manhandled in the creche and how the boy eventually died. 

Both parents work and they had to send their 3 months old son to creche, they drop him on their way to work and pick him while returning from work. This fateful day, they picked the child home after work and in the middle of the night, the child started crying uncontrollably with running temperature and they tried managing him till about 5.00am when they had to rush him to a hospital where the boy's uncle works. Immediately they got in, they admitted the boy into an intensive care unit without delay, they battled endlessly to save his life. The Doctor came out of the ICU much later and told the father of the boy, "this is a very serious case, the boy has a damage in his brain". Obviously, this boy must have fallen while in creche and hit his head and the incident was never reported to the parents yet the boy was under a creche paid for by a labouring parent. May God bless the soul of that little boy who eventually died out of human negligence in what was trusted in to their care.

I am sure many of us have read the stories i had published on the incident that involved my son and a daughter of another family who lost their lovely daughter called Morenike under same negligence www.facebook.com/changingtheworldnetwork.

We all cannot keep quiet and allow such evil to prevail, we have put up a social movement called "Movement Against Negligence In Schools" (MANIS)  it is non government and non profit social movement and we are calling on all parents and interest groups to identify with this movement, lend their voices, file in complaints, it must not be your child but when you speak out for some person's child, angel will watch over your own.

Go to our facebook page and like it www.facebook.com/groups/advocacyforchildsafetyatschools and www.facebook.com/changingtheworldnetwork we are using both pages for this change.

Please publish your stories in these pages and let's put energy together on this issues and ensure we stop these wrongs.

ehi@ohsm.com.ng